Down And Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance, And The Rise Of Independent Film.epub

the 1960s was a golden age of independent filmmaking in the united states. it was the age of the new hollywood, when the new generation of young filmmakers and producers, many of whom were committed to the latest social and political movements, created a new world of independent film. (see burch 2009 for a history of the new hollywood.

the 1960s established the dominant myth of the american film industry that hollywood has always been the producer of the movies and that the studios are the social partners with the “art” directors, actors, and screenwriters. in the 1970s and 1980s, hollywood became the dominant force in marketing and distributing the movies. in the 1990s and 2000s, hollywood emerged victorious in competing for high-end award honors. in the last decade, hollywood has dominated almost every major award category in film, to the point that it became trivial to enter the academy awards without an oscar, or even to win one if you weren’t a blockbusting star.

but let’s get back to the movies that were made outside the studio system. this movement was spawned by a small company called the miramax organization, named after its founder, harvey weinstein. with its offices in new york, the company came into being in 1979, with a budget of only $2 million. though weinstein and his partners were committed to independent filmmaking, they also wanted to make money. they knew that independent production companies like theirs, often financed by wealthy investors, rarely could afford to make the kinds of movies that made the studios so rich. but weinstein was determined to make pictures that could win oscars, that were daring and adventurous, and that no one had seen before. to succeed, he had to persuade the distributors to finance the movies, and to compete with the studios for the talent. he had to convince the stars and directors who had worked in the studios that they could make movies outside the studio system that would compete with studio films and that, if they did so, they could make as much or more money.

as miramax grew, it introduced a number of innovations that were subsequently adopted by other indies. the most important of these was the idea of the first independent film festival, the sundance festival. the sundance festival in effect created a new market for indie films by making them available to the public. it gave indie filmmakers a means of selling their films to the american public. films by indie filmmakers can be seen at the sundance festival, and indie filmmakers can be seen attending the sundance festival. in addition, the sundance festival has led to the creation of the independent spirit awards, which have helped to create a national awareness of indie films.
so far, i have talked in general terms about the rise of the indie movement, the characteristics of the indie film, and the role of the indie spirit awards. but a lot of those generalizations need to be qualified. the rise of the indie film is due in part to the success of a few films that have made a lot of money.
hollywood was hit hard by the great depression, and it was not until the late 1930s that the moguls were able to once again begin making blockbuster films. no one expected the depression to last forever, however, and by the late 1940s hollywood was in full swing again. yet the heartland films of the 1940s and 1950s were a lot more optimistic and comforting than the works of the 1930s. though the moguls were making more money than ever, they were still the masters of a world built on fear and insecurity, and they had to face a population that was far more aware of the war in europe than the war in north korea. in addition, in the 1940s and 1950s, hollywood was at the height of its power, complete with the power of the major studio system. it was only after the mid-1950s that the industry began to fragment, first into a handful of major studios, then into a few major studios with many production units. (see sreberny 2006 for a detailed study of the rise and fall of the studio system in hollywood.)
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